Nutritional, therapeutic and toxicological risk assessment of. Isolation, structural elucidation, and bioactivity studies of. Antioxidative and chemopreventive properties of vernonia. Similarly, the chemical analysis revealed the presence of fat, protein, carbohydrate, fibre, ash and moisture, necessary for human growth and development vernonia amygdalina has been found useful in ethnomedicine. Examples of these bioactive constituents are alkaloids, tannins, saponins. Isolated from the plant were four known sesquiterpene lactones, seven new steroid glucosides, and two aglycones of the glucosides. Vernonia amygdalina has been a known food and medicinal plants used in asia and africa west africa due to its pharmacological effects antioxidant, antidiabetes, anti inflammatory, anticancer, antimalaria, and among others. Bamigbetan department of biochemistry, college of medicine of the university of lagos,p. The secondary metabolites in the leaf were identified to establish a relationship between them and their therapeutic properties. The leaves are useful components for herbal medicine constitution.
Experimental details materials preparation mild steel of composition wt% mn 0. It has gained wide application in the treatment and management of various diseases. Phytochemical and biological study on saabfat 7 with a focus on vernonia amygdalina. Qualitative phytochemical screening of bitter leaf. Jun 23, 2011 a number of chemical compounds including edotides, and sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated form the leaf of vernonia amygdalina.
Toward the chemical ecology of medicinal plant use in. Pdf comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina. Offor department of biochemistry, ebonyi state university, abakaliki, nigeria abstract. Table 3 shows the laboratory result of the chemical composition of vernonia and chromolaena leaves. Similarly, the bioflavonoid complex otherwise known as kolavion have been characterized from the seed of garcinia kola. Chemical constituents and nutrient composition of carica papaya and vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts.
It is a vegetable, commonly used in foods and traditional medicine in tropical africa. Information on chemical composition of these plants can be generated for further advanced research work. The anticancer activities of vernonia amygdalina extract in. Native to nigeria west africa and widely grown in africa, va is also found in asia, and is especially common in singapore and malaysia.
Vernonia amygdalina is a valuable medicinal plant that is widespread in west africa, it is known as bitter leaf due to its characteristic bitter taste and flavour, and canbe used as an active anticancer, antibacterial, antimalarial and antiparastic agent. Vernonia amygdalina scientific classification kingdom. Several stigmastanetype saponins such as vernoniosides a 1, a2, a 3 3, b 2, b 3, a 4. Isolation, structural elucidation, and bioactivity studies.
Essential oil composition, nutrient and antinutrient analysis of vernonia mespilifolia less research journal of botany 2017, 12 2, 3845. However, current research about the mechanisms of the anticancer potential of va. Vernonia amygdalina, a widely grown shrub plant in africa is consumed as vegetable and has high medicinal value. It is a perennial plant with height between 1 m and 6 m nwosu et al. The phytochemical screening and ethno botanical importance of the leaf of vernonia amygdalina del. Phytochemical screening of vernonia amygdalina leaves grown with and without the addition of plant protection products is carried out and presented intable 2. Antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from the flower. The amazing health benefits of bitter leaf vernonia.
Corrosion inhibition of stainless steel using plant. Extraction and characterization of bioactive compounds in vernonia. To compare the results from the chemical analyses of locally brewed sorghum beer with bitterleaf extract and sorghum beer brewed without bitterleaf. Okpe oche 1, attah rosemary 1, ojowu john 1, edenta chidi 2, samuel m. Vernonia amygdalina is commonly called bitter leaf because of its bitter. Prospective bioactive compounds from vernonia amygdalina. Traditional users report that this plant possesses observable health benefits. Phytochemical analysis and proximate composition of vernonia. Comparative chemical composition of leaves of some antidiabetic medicinal plants. It can also act as a repellant against certain bugs, nematodes, aphids and insects. The corrosion inhibition of stainless steel, coated with vernonia amygdalina bitter leaf and azadirachta indica dogoyaro and immersed in hydrochloric acid solution, tetraoxosulphate iv acid solution, trioxonitrate v acid solution, and exposed to the atmosphere, was investigated in. Vernonia amygdalina del asteraceae is a small shrub with dark green leaves and rough barks growing predominantly in tropical africa but has been domesticated in many parts of west africa igile et al. Vernonia amygdalina is traditionally used in ethiopia to treat various diseases.
Azadirachta indica, vernonia amygdalina and gongronema latifolium. Antioxidant properties, bioactive compounds, chemical composition, health benefits, vernoniaamygdalina. The antioxidant, antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of its acetone leaf extract were evaluated in this study to validate its folkloric use. Leaf, medium to dark green, with or without sparse hairs above, with fine, soft, pale hairs below and. Notably, medicinal plant extracts may be a potential source for treatments of breast cancer. Evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of vernonia. Assessment of the phytochemical constituents and invitro. The leaves exhibit a characteristic odor and bitter taste, explaining its common english. The biologicallyactive compounds of vernonia amygdalina are saponins and alkaloids, terpenes, steroids, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, xanthones and anthraquinone, edotides and sesquiterpenes.
Comparative study of proximate, mineral and phytochemical. Studies on the nutritional composition of vernonia amygdalina found its nutritional content to conform to the results obtained for green leafy vegetables. Preharvest and postharvest factors affecting bioactive compounds from vernonia amygdalina del. In vivo biochemical assessment of aqueous extracts of vernonia. Pdf comparative chemical composition of leaves of some. The amazing health benefits of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the nhexane. In my study, va chemical components were studied in order to find active chemical compositions against breast cancer.
Onugbu igbo, efo ewuro yoruba, shakwa shuwaka hausa, etidot cross river state of nigeria botanical name. Vernonia amygdalina asteraceae vernonia amygdalina, a member of the asteraceae family, is a small shrub that grows in the tropical africa with petiolate leaf of about 6 mm diameter and elliptic shape. Leaves of vernonia amygdalina commonly known as bitter leaf is widely consumed in the subsaharan regions of africa. Phytochemical analysis of vernonia amygdalina and ocimum. Vernonia amygdalina is a shrub that grows predominantly in.
Home archives vol 8 no 18 2009 articles comparative chemical composition of leaves of some antidiabetic medicinal plants. The chemical and elemental constituents of vernonia amygdalina and azadirachta indica leaves were investigated. To check the effect of bitterleaf vernonia amygdalina extract on the locally brewed sorghum beer. Vernonia amygdalina is among the plants used by herbalists of migori county, kenya as a dewormer. Phytochemical and biological study on saabfat 7 with a. Composition of vernoniaamygdalina and its potential health. Comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina and azadirachta indica leaves c. Accepted 22 january, 20 this research was carried out on the aqueous extracts of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina to evaluate. Phytochemical analysis and proximate composition of vernonia amygdalina. Scientists reveal that bitter leaves extract helps to reduce the blood estrogen level in the body by suppressing the activities of aromatase. Journal of complementary and alternative medical research, issn.
The leaves are used either as a vegetable macerated leaves in. Figure 1 depicts the various traditional uses of vernonia amygdalina. Vernonia amygdalinaare green with a char acteristic odour and bitter taste. Phytochemical, ethnobotany, vernonia amygdalina, therapeutic properties, ethnomedicinejournal of pharmaceutical and allied. Several investigators have isolated and characterized a number of chemical compounds with. It also went further to extract the sample using three different solvents.
Eddy 2, 1department of chemistry, michael okpara university of agriculture, umudike, abia state, nigeria. In vivo biochemical assessment of aqueous extracts of. Comparative study of condiment vegetable basil leaf. These chemical elements contained in the aqueous extract of vernonia amygdalina allow it to have a very powerful phytotherapeutic potential adebayo and al. Material and methods a healthy and improved authenticated breed of vernonia amygdalina used for this study was obtained from vegetable garden located near erelu dam of oyo town and authenticated. Chemical analysis of va vernonia amygdalina organic. Vernonia amygdalina has been a known food and medicinal plants used in asia and. The aim of this research study was to determine the chemical composition and invitro anthelmintic activity of vernonia amygdalina extract. The resulting powdered extract was used in running a phytochemical test. Nov 27, 2019 analysis of the chemical composition of vernonia and chromolaena. Several investigators have isolated and characterized a number of chemical compounds with potent biological activities from the leaves of vernonia.
Vernonia amygdalina phytochemicals and medicinal plants. Chemical composition of vernonia amygdalina collected form different reference. Vernonia amygdalina va has many usages in tropical africa, either for food or medicinal purposes. Vernonia amygdalina va is a woody shrub reported to have not only diverse therapeutic effects but also anticancer properties. This study therefore considers the properties of leaves of the plant as alternative sources of an antacid and carminative drug. Aug 14, 2015 health benefits of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina the leaves are widely used as a remedy for fever and are known as quinine substitute in nigeria. Comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina and azadirachta indica leaves. Some of the previously isolated constituents in vernonia amygdalina del. Phytochemical and pharmacological prope of vernonia. The anticancer activities of vernonia amygdalina extract. Vernonia amygdalina va is a woody shrub that can grow up to 5 m tall, belonging to the family of asteraceae. Journal of chemical engineering and industrial biotechnology v220178096.
Breast cancer is currently the leading cause of cancerrelated deaths among women globally. Vernonia amygdalina is a widely grown shrub plant in africa consumed as vegetable and has high medicinal value. Impact of green manures of vernonia amygdalina and. Phytochemical constituents and ethnobotany of the leaf. The young leaves are used as an antihelmintic, antimalarial, laxativepurgative, enema, worm expeller and fertility inducer in subfertile women. Chemical tests were carried out on the bitter leaf extract to identify. Corrosion inhibition and adsorption properties of ethanol extract of vernonia amygdalina for the corrosion of mild steel in h 2so 4 a.
Analysis of the chemical composition of vernonia and chromolaena. Bitter leaves wood ash can be used to treat and control seedborne fungi. Keywords sokoto, vernonia amygdalina, antibacterial activity, phytochemical analysis. Effect of different processing methods on nutritional. Phytochemical analysis, analgesic and antipyretic properties. This prompted us to isolate bioactive compounds from the flowers of this plant. Vernonia amygdalina va is a tropical african plant of the asteraceae family and is occasionally cultivated for its medicinal uses, which include as a treatment for diarrhea, skin wounds, fever mastitis and worms infection. Sample collection and identification the leaves of. The objective of this study is to compare bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina and basil leaf ocimum gratissimum condiment vegetable. Vernonia amygdalina has also been fed to broilers, where it was able to replace 300 g kg1 of maizebased diet without affecting feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency teguia et al.
The leaves of the leaves of both plants contained varying concentrations of phytochemical components. Chemical composition of some natural palm wine preservatives. The mean values of the proximate composition and gross energy analysis of the leaf meal and leaf protein extracts are shown in table 1, table 2. The aim of this study is to isolate and elucidate the structure of some of the chemical constituents from the leaf of vernonia amygdalina and its bioactivities. Parameter percentage composition % of leaves ocinum gratissimum vernonia amygdalina moringa oleifera sem moisture.
Chemical composition of vernonia amygdalina collected form. Comparative chemical composition of leaves of some. Diabetes control and treatment vernonia amygdalina contains biologicallyactive compounds known as coumarins, flavonoids, anthraquinone, phenolic acids, saponins, sesquiterpenes, xanthones, terpenes, steroids, lignans and edotides. More than 500 species of vernonia genus are distributed in africa and asia, approximately 300 in mexico, central and south america and around 16 can be found in the united states yeap et al. Vernonia amygdalina vernonia amygdalina are commonly called bitter leaf in english because of its bitter taste. Nutritional assessment of vernonia amygdalina leaves in.
Vernonia amygdalina is a medicinal plant of great importance that has its fresh leaves rich in vitamins and salt hence, it is valuable in human diet. Phytochemical and biological study on saabfat 7 with a focus. Journal of chemical engineering and industrial biotechnology v220178096 83 table 2. Adsorption and thermodynamics study of the inhibition of. Proximate analysis, mineral content, amino acid composition. Phytochemical composition of dry azadirachta indica and vernonia amygdalina leaves. In this study, va chemical components were studied in order to find active chemical compositions against breast cancer. Compounds isolated from vernonia amygdalina several investigators have isolated and characterized a number of chemical compounds with potent biological activities from the leaves of vernonia amygdalina. However, in contrast to the meters described as the height of the tree by some authors 1416, the species found around the department of wildlife and fisheries, university of ibadan. Chemical constituents and nutrient composition of carica. Pdf on jan 10, 2017, okpe oche and others published chemical constituents and nutrient composition of carica papaya and vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts find, read and cite all the research. The methanol extract of vernonia amygdalina, after repeated chromatography led to the isolation of a different compound, one of this compound mm4 is partially characterized based on the spectral data ir, 1h nmr, c nmr, and dept and extracts from vernonia amygdalina has been shown to have antimicrobial activity. The leaves of cymbopogon citratus, pimenta racemosa, vernonia amygdalina, ocimum basilicum and the barks and the leaves of garcinia lucida and of adansonia digitata commonly used in palm wine preservation were analyzed for their chemical composition. Pdf chemical constituents and nutrient composition of.
Vernonia amygdalina is commonly called bitter leaf because of its bitter taste. Nutritive value and haemolytic properties in vitro of the. Chemical composition, phytochemical, mineral composition, energy value and functional properties of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina and basil leaf ocimum gratissimum were determined according to aoac 2010 method. Vernonia amygdalina, a member of the daisy family, is a small shrub that grows in tropical africa. It is produced mainly from sorghum grain sorghum vulgare and the process of brewing involves malting, mashing, souring, fermentation and packaging locally brewed. As part of an investigation into the antidiabetic mechanism of some indigenous medicinal plants, the proximate, vitamins and mineral elements and phytochemical compositions of azadirachta indica, vernonia amygdalina and gongronema latifolium were quantitatively determined using standard methods and compared. The chcl 3 extract after silica gel column chromatography has led to the isolation of two compounds identified as tricosane 1 and vernolide 2, while the acetone extract furnished isorhamnetin 3 and luteolin 4. Corrosion inhibition and adsorption properties of ethanol. In general, va showed antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and anticancer activities.
Nutritive value and haemolytic properties in vitro of. Locally brewed beer sorghum beer is an indigenous alcohol average. Nutritional, therapeutic and toxicological risk assessment. It contains many nutrients and phytochemicals such as iodine, alkaloids, anthraquinones, edotides, sesquiterpene lactones and steroid glycosides. Comparative chemical composition of leaves of some antidiabetic. Chemical composition of common leafy vegetables and. The bitter and related constituents have been isolated fromvernonia amygdalina compositae, a plant ingested by wild chimpanzees possibly suffering from parasiterelated diseases in the mahale mountains national park, tanzania. Comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina and. The use of bitterleaf vernonia amygdalina extract as a. The cooked leaves are a staple vegetable in soup and stews of various cultures throughout equatorial africa.
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